Pain: Definition, Types, Pathway & Differences | Easy Biology Notes
đŠē Pain – Definition, Types & Mechanism (Easy Notes)
What is Pain?
Pain is one of the most common clinical symptoms of a disease. It is an unpleasant and subjective experience that occurs when body tissues are damaged. Pain acts as a protective reflex, helping the body react and remove harmful stimuli.
Pain Centre
The pain centre is located in the cerebral cortex and hypothalamus of the brain.
Pain Receptors
Pain is sensed through receptors. Free nerve endings act as pain receptors and are present throughout the body. These receptors respond to three types of stimuli:
- Mechanical
- Thermal
- Chemical
Pain Pathway
When pain receptors are stimulated, signals are transmitted to the brain’s pain centre, where the sensation of pain is perceived.
Classification of Pain
Pain can be classified as:
- Acute pain
- Chronic pain
Based on origin:
- Skeletomuscular (Inflammatory) pain
- Smooth muscle (Spasmodic) pain
Difference Between Pain Types
Spasmodic Pain:
- Occurs in smooth muscles
- Mechanical stimulus
- Generally acute
- Not precisely localized
- No tissue damage
Inflammatory Pain:
- Occurs in skeletal muscles
- Chemical stimulus
- Acute followed by chronic
- Precisely localized
- Tissue damage present
đŠē āĻŦ্āϝāĻĨা (Pain) – āϏংāĻ্āĻা, āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāϰāĻেāĻĻ āĻ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ্āϰিāϝ়া
āĻŦ্āϝāĻĨা āĻী?
āĻŦ্āϝāĻĨা āĻšāϞো āĻāĻāĻি āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻ্āϞিāύিāĻ্āϝাāϞ āϞāĻ্āώāĻŖ, āϝা āĻļāϰীāϰেāϰ āĻিāϏ্āϝু āĻ্āώāϤিāĻ্āϰāϏ্āϤ āĻšāϞে āĻ āύুāĻূāϤ āĻšāϝ়। āĻāĻি āĻāĻāĻি āĻ āϏ্āĻŦāϏ্āϤিāĻāϰ āĻ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤিāĻāϤ āĻ āύুāĻূāϤি āĻāĻŦং āĻļāϰীāϰāĻে āĻ্āώāϤিāĻāϰ āĻāĻĻ্āĻĻীāĻĒāύা āĻĨেāĻে āϰāĻ্āώা āĻāϰāϤে āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝ āĻāϰে।
āĻŦ্āϝāĻĨাāϰ āĻেāύ্āĻĻ্āϰ
āĻŦ্āϝāĻĨাāϰ āĻেāύ্āĻĻ্āϰ āĻŽāϏ্āϤিāώ্āĻেāϰ āϏেāϰিāĻŦ্āϰাāϞ āĻāϰ্āĻেāĻ্āϏ āĻ āĻšাāĻāĻĒোāĻĨ্āϝাāϞাāĻŽাāϏ-āĻ āĻ āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨিāϤ।
āĻŦ্āϝāĻĨা āĻ্āϰাāĻšāĻ (Pain Receptors)
āĻļāϰীāϰেāϰ āϏāϰ্āĻŦāϤ্āϰ āĻĨাāĻা āĻĢ্āϰি āύাāϰ্āĻ āĻāύ্āĻĄিংāϏ āĻŦ্āϝāĻĨা āĻ্āϰাāĻšāĻ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻাāĻ āĻāϰে। āĻāĻুāϞো āϤিāύ āϧāϰāύেāϰ āĻāĻĻ্āĻĻীāĻĒāύাāϝ় āϏāĻ্āϰিāϝ় āĻšāϝ়—
- āϝাāύ্āϤ্āϰিāĻ (Mechanical)
- āϤাāĻĒীāϝ় (Thermal)
- āϰাāϏাāϝ়āύিāĻ (Chemical)
āĻŦ্āϝāĻĨাāϰ āĻĒāĻĨ (Pain Pathway)
āϝāĻāύ āϰিāϏেāĻĒ্āĻāϰ āĻāϤ্āϤেāĻিāϤ āĻšāϝ়, āϤāĻāύ āϏংāĻেāϤ āĻŽāϏ্āϤিāώ্āĻে āĻĒৌঁāĻে āϝাāϝ় āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻŦ্āϝāĻĨা āĻ āύুāĻāĻŦ āĻāϰি।
āĻŦ্āϝāĻĨাāϰ āĻļ্āϰেāĻŖীāĻŦিāĻাāĻ
- āϤীāĻŦ্āϰ (Acute)
- āĻĻীāϰ্āĻāϏ্āĻĨাāϝ়ী (Chronic)
āĻā§āĻĒāϤ্āϤি āĻ āύুāϝাāϝ়ী—
- āĻāĻ্āĻাāϞ āĻĒেāĻļীāĻāύিāϤ / āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻাāĻšāĻāύিāϤ āĻŦ্āϝāĻĨা
- āĻŽāϏৃāĻŖ āĻĒেāĻļীāĻāύিāϤ / āϏ্āĻĒাāĻāĻŽāĻĄিāĻ āĻŦ্āϝāĻĨা
āĻĒাāϰ্āĻĨāĻ্āϝ
āϏ্āĻĒাāĻāĻŽāĻĄিāĻ āĻŦ্āϝāĻĨা:
- āĻŽāϏৃāĻŖ āĻĒেāĻļীāϤে āĻšāϝ়
- āϝাāύ্āϤ্āϰিāĻ āĻāĻĻ্āĻĻীāĻĒāύা
- āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ āϤীāĻŦ্āϰ
- āϏāĻ িāĻāĻাāĻŦে āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āĻ āύāϝ়
- āĻিāϏ্āϝু āĻ্āώāϤি āύেāĻ
āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻাāĻšāĻāύিāϤ āĻŦ্āϝāĻĨা:
- āĻāĻ্āĻাāϞ āĻĒেāĻļীāϤে āĻšāϝ়
- āϰাāϏাāϝ়āύিāĻ āĻāĻĻ্āĻĻীāĻĒāύা
- āϤীāĻŦ্āϰ → āĻĻীāϰ্āĻāϏ্āĻĨাāϝ়ী
- āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āĻāĻাāĻŦে āĻ āύুāĻূāϤ
- āĻিāϏ্āϝু āĻ্āώāϤি āĻšāϝ়

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